Pakistan's internet censorship is managed by the PTA under the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016. The PTA blocks content deemed blasphemous, sexually explicit, or threatening to national security. In practice, this includes political content critical of the military establishment, social media platforms during protests, and independent news websites reporting on sensitive topics.
In 2023-2024, Pakistan blocked X (formerly Twitter) for extended periods following political protests, and imposed full internet shutdowns during elections. TikTok has been repeatedly banned and unbanned. Wikipedia was blocked briefly in 2023. The PTA also uses bandwidth throttling to make VPN connections unusably slow during politically sensitive periods, effectively blocking circumvention tools without formally banning them.
Pakistan has also deployed a national web monitoring system (reportedly based on Chinese technology) that enables DPI-based filtering. This system can identify and block VPN protocols, though its deployment across all ISPs remains incomplete. The government has increasingly used PECA to criminalize online speech, with journalists and activists facing charges for social media posts.