Laravel VPS Hosting: Triển Khai Ứng Dụng PHP

Cài đặt PHP và tất cả extensions cần thiết cho Laravel:

apt install -y software-properties-common
add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
apt update
apt install -y php8.3 php8.3-fpm php8.3-mbstring php8.3-xml     php8.3-bcmath php8.3-curl php8.3-zip php8.3-gd     php8.3-mysql php8.3-pgsql php8.3-redis unzip

php --version

Cài đặt Composer:

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer
composer --version

Clone project và cài đặt dependencies:

cd /var/www
git clone https://github.com/youruser/laravel-app.git myapp
cd myapp
composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader
cp .env.example .env
php artisan key:generate

Cấu hình .env với database và các settings:

APP_ENV=production
APP_DEBUG=false
APP_URL=https://yourdomain.com
DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_DATABASE=myapp_db
DB_USERNAME=myapp_user
DB_PASSWORD=strong_password_here

Chạy migrations và optimize:

php artisan migrate --force
php artisan config:cache
php artisan route:cache
php artisan view:cache

Set permissions:

chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/myapp
chmod -R 755 /var/www/myapp/storage
chmod -R 755 /var/www/myapp/bootstrap/cache

Laravel yêu cầu cấu hình Nginx đặc biệt để xử lý routing:

nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/myapp

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com;
    root /var/www/myapp/public;
    index index.php;

    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ .php$ {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.3-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location ~ /.(?!well-known).* {
        deny all;
    }
}

ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/myapp /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
nginx -t && systemctl reload nginx

Laravel queue workers cần chạy liên tục như một service:

nano /etc/systemd/system/laravel-worker.service

[Unit]
Description=Laravel Queue Worker
After=network.target

[Service]
User=www-data
WorkingDirectory=/var/www/myapp
ExecStart=/usr/bin/php artisan queue:work --sleep=3 --tries=3 --max-time=3600
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl enable laravel-worker
systemctl start laravel-worker

Cho Laravel Scheduler, thêm vào crontab:

crontab -e -u www-data

* * * * * cd /var/www/myapp && php artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1