Cài WordPress trên VPS: Hướng Dẫn LEMP Stack

LEMP stack gồm Linux (Ubuntu), Nginx, MySQL và PHP. Cài đặt từng thành phần:

apt update && apt upgrade -y

# Nginx
apt install -y nginx

# MySQL
apt install -y mysql-server
mysql_secure_installation

# PHP và extensions cần cho WordPress
apt install -y php8.2-fpm php8.2-mysql php8.2-xml php8.2-mbstring   php8.2-curl php8.2-zip php8.2-gd php8.2-intl php8.2-bcmath

Kiểm tra PHP:

php -v

Tạo database riêng cho WordPress:

mysql -u root -p

Trong MySQL shell:

CREATE DATABASE wordpress_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
CREATE USER 'wp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'StrongPassword123!';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wordpress_db.* TO 'wp_user'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

Tải WordPress và đặt vào thư mục web:

cd /var/www
wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
tar -xzf latest.tar.gz
mv wordpress yourdomain.com
chown -R www-data:www-data yourdomain.com
chmod -R 755 yourdomain.com

Cấu hình wp-config.php:

cd /var/www/yourdomain.com
cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php
nano wp-config.php

Điền thông tin database:

define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress_db');
define('DB_USER', 'wp_user');
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'StrongPassword123!');
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');

Tạo server block Nginx tối ưu cho WordPress:

nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/yourdomain.com

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com;
    root /var/www/yourdomain.com;
    index index.php index.html;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
    }

    location ~ .php$ {
        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock;
    }

    location ~ /.ht {
        deny all;
    }

    location ~* .(css|gif|ico|jpeg|jpg|js|png)$ {
        expires max;
        log_not_found off;
    }
}

ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/yourdomain.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
nginx -t && systemctl reload nginx